Power-hammer



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

O-.A.VAUGHN.

POWER HAMMER.

Patented June 28, 1898 Ym; Mourns FETER5 co, wamunm. vwwwsmm n c (No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 2. C. A. VAUGHN.

POWER HAMMER.

N ,370. Patented June 28,1898.

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(No Model.)

Patented June 28, 1898.

CHARLES A. VAUGHN, OF VINELAND, NEW JERSEY.

POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 606,370, dated June 28, 1898.

Application filed April 17, 1896. Serial No. 588,056. (No model.)

To add w/wm it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. VAUGHN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Vineland, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power-Ham: mers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which'form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to power-hammers, and particularly to that type of hammer commonly known as an upright cushioned straphammer, and the hammer which I have made the subject of this application is an improvement on the hammers covered by Letters Patent of the United States, Nos. 412,809 and 459,092, granted to me. The present hammer, while it embodies many of the vainablefeatures of construction set forth in the patents referred to, includes certain improvements and additions which I have discovered are advantageous and productive of better results in the use of power-hammers than the constructions referred to, and the present form of hammer overcomes some defects which have developed and certain objections which have arisen in the practical operation of hammers made in accordance with my former patents.

In the detailed description which follows reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the hammer. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section. Fig. 3 is a detail view to illustrate the belt-tightener and brake. Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the hainmer-head-operating lever. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the hammer-head and its guide-plates, taken on line 6 6, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail View of the belt-tightener and its adjusting devices.- Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are detail views of the various parts, to which reference will be made hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings by letter, A denotes the frame of the hammer,which is similar in construction to the frame of the hammers shown in my patents referred to, having two side plates joined at suitable points by webs a, the whole being cast in one piece or built up out of scveral'pieces, as desired. The anvil B is secured to the front of the frame A, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, by means of the straps or bands I), which pass around said anvil and are secured to cars 17 on the frame A. lhe anvilB is preferably recessed into the face of the frame A, as clearly shown inFig. 2. The anvil-die C, if one be used in connectionwith the hammer, is suitably keyed or otherwise removably secured to the anvil B.

Directly above the anvil B and its. die 0 is the hammer-head D, which is slidingly mounted in guides D, provided with -vi-shaped grooves in which ribs (1 on the hammer D lit,

so as to insure the proper right-line movement of the hammer in its rising and falling. The guides D, which consist of heavy plates, are bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the main frame A by means of the bolts (1 Said bolts 61 serve as adjusting-bolts for the guides D, and by tightening these bolts the guides D may be forced together to compensate for wear. To insure the said guideplates D maintaining the same position relative to the hammer-head D to which theyare adjusted, I provide springs d Fig. 5, which normally force the guide-plates outwardly, thus giving them a spring-grip upon the hammer-head D. The said hammer-head, as

clearly shown in Fig; 2, is provided near its top with an apertured, flarin g on both sides, through which passes the lifting-strap E, the

aperture (1' having the convex faces against which the strap E bears. Any suitable die 0 to cooperate with the die 0 on the anvil is 5 keyed to the face of the hammer. Said strap E, which is of leather, canvas, or any suitable flexible inaterial, is preferably. made of several thicknesses of material reinforced at its ends on the inside of the loops,':'as shown Ice in Fig. 7. Said strap issupported at one end at the forward curved extremity of a lever F or helve, as it is commonly called, which lever, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, is made of two similarly-shaped plates or bars f f ,curved upwardly and then downwardly at their ends, said plates extending to the rear part of the frame A, where they are pivoted to a cushioned support or bearing, which will be referred to hereinafter. Said bars are connected.

at their forward ends by a bolt f which passes through a bushing f and on this bushing one end of the strap E is hung. The other end of the strap E is supported on a similar bushing g, carried by a hanger G,

which is suspended from the bars f f of thehelve F by means of a bolt g, the lower end of the hanger G being provided with a bolt passing through bushing g, which supports the other end of said strap E. Said hanger G is cushioned, so as to absorb the shock incident to the blow of the hammer and relieve the operating mechanism from the jar by means of the devices which I shall now describe.

Pivoted to the helve F at the rear of the hanger G is a rod which passes loosely through the hanger G and through a rubber or spring cushion g which bears against the face of the hanger G. I preferably place a cup-shaped metal disk 9 against the other side of the cushion to serve as an abutment against WlllChljhG nut g on the end of the rod bears.

or falling will be coin m u nicatcd to the hanger G and the shock of said blow absorbed by cushion g As hereinbefore stated, the helve F is pivoted at the rear of the machine-frame A to a support or bearing, said bearing consisting of merely an upright II, secured to the frame by bolts h and provided with an interposed.

cushioning device 7L, as shown in Fig. 2.

llavingdescribed the hammer and its immediate operating mechanism, I will now pro-- ceed with a description of the connections between the driving-shaft and the said lever,

by means of which power is communicated to the latter and the hammer operated.

The helve or lever F, it is obvious, is a lever of'the third class and, as will be seen, is connected with its operatingpitman at a point between its fulcrum and the weight. Said helve F is secured to the pitman J, by which it is operated, by means of a yoke j, Fig. 8, which has the clamping portions j, which surround the two plates f f of the helve or lever F and are clamped in any position to which the yoke is adjusted by means of the It will be seen that the blow of the hammer D upon the strap E either in rising provide a strap j which is mounted on one of the drums of the helve F and serves as an abutment against which the yoke j bears. I have provided for a second adjustment of the pitman longitudinally to regulate the stroke of the hammer by screw-threading the depending portion j of the housing J and supporting it in a screw-threaded sleeve K, which is in turn adjustable in the split upper end of the pitmanrin which it is threaded, and se cu rely clamped by means of the clamping-rin g 70. A lock-nut 3' is provided, by means of which the housing J is locked in its adjusted position in thescrew-threaded sleeve K. By these devices the stroke of the hammer may be finely adjusted without changing the position of the yoke j.

The lower end of pitman J is forked, as shown, and at its bottom connected bya transverse web L. This web L is secured bybolts m to the eccentric-strap M, which is securely clamped to the eccentric or crank of the driving-shaft crank N by means of a bolt it. On either side of said web L, I place the cushioning devices m, either of rubber or springs, which give an elastic support for the pitman J and effectually absorb the force of the shock caused by the blow of the hammer and prevent its being transmitted to the drivingshaft N. By making the pitman J forked, as shown, I provide an open passage through the center of the hammer-frame, so that a rod of considerable length can be worked upon the anvil by passin git through the open frame and forked pit-man. Said driving-shaft N is j ournaled in suitable bearin gs on either side of the frame A and is provided at one end with a driving-pulley N, which is driven by means of a belt 0. To tighten said drivingbelt 0, I make use of the following mechanism: Pivoted to the frame A is a treadle P, the arms 19 p of which extend on either side of theframe. To the arm 1) is attached a rod or link 13 which is secured at its upper end to a leverp pivoted on a journal-pin or gudgeon p carried by a plate R, provided with a pivot-pin r, which is in turn'mounted in a bearing r in the machine-frame A. The upperportion of said plate R has a slot r form ed therein through which a clamping or adjusting screw-bolt r passes and holds the plate R upon the frame of the machine. It will be apparent that by loosening the bolt r the plate R, with its gudgeon 19 may be swung on its pivot r and adjusted to various positions to vary the position of the lever p Said lever 17*, as stated, is mounted on said gudgeon p and is provided with a slotted scroll or plate 13". llung from said gudgeon p -is a depending rod or hanger S, on which is mounted a pulley s,'which bears against the belt'O. The hanger S is ad justably secured to the lever 19 by means of a screw-bolt p, which passes through said hanger and the slot 19 in the plate 19 It will be seen that two adjustments are thus secured for the belt-tightening pulley 3, one by the adjust- IIO' ment of the rod or hanger S relative to the lever 19 and another by the adjustment of the gudgeon-plate R, which carries the lever p relative to the frame A. By the above construction the belt-tightening pulley 3 may be made to press more or less tightly against the belt 0, when the tre'adle P is depressed, by giving the various parts described the necessary adjustments.

To automatically throw the belt-tightener out of action and stop the rotation of the shaft N and the operation of the hammer as soon as the treadle P is released, I provide a weighted lever T, which is pivoted to the frame A and has a hooked end t, which engages the lower edge of arm 12 of lever P. A weight If normally tends to raise the lever P and relieve the belt 0 from the pressure of the belt-tightening pulley s. Said Weighted lever T also forces a brake-block t carried by arm 13' on the other side of the frame A,

. (see Fig. 1,) against a brake-wheel U, carried at the opposite end of the driving shaft-N from the driving-pulley N and insures the immediate stoppage of the driving-shaft and hammer when the belt is relieved from driving pressure. The said wheel N is provided with a suitable counterbalance n to balance the hammer and its operating mechanism and insure the stopping of the driving'shaft N when the crank and hammer are in their uppermost positions.

The operation of my improved hammer is as follows: The operator depresses the treadle at the front of the machine and releases the brake mechanism, atthe same time bringing the belt-tightener into action. Under the action of the belt the cranked drivingshaft is revolved and through its forked pitman operates the hammer-helve, which raises the hammerhead and allows it to descend and'deliver its blow to the work upon the anvil beneath. It willbe seen that the various working parts of the hammer are carefully guarded against the constant. and destructive shock of the blows of the hammer by cushioning devices, so as to avoid all possible injury to said parts, a thing which is so apt to occur in machines of this character. The adj 'ustments which I have. provided to enable the operator to produce hammer-blows varying in force are of great advantage. The yoke on the hammer-helve can first be moved to approximately the proper position to cause the hammer to deliver a blow of the required force, and then by means of the screwthreaded connections between the pitman and yoke a finer adjustment may be secured and the blow regulated to a degree of 'nicety Which is very advantageous. By making the main frame of the machine open through its center and forking the pitman, as shown and described, I am enabled to handle work of any length beneath the hammer longitudinally thereof and at the same time preserve the compact form of the hammer and close assembling of the elements of which it is composed, thus avoiding the disadvantages incident to a hammer built with its cooperating elements separated one from the otherto permit work of considerable length to be handled thereon.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. I11 a power-hammer, the combination with a supporting-frame having an open central portion, of a cranked driving-shaft mounted in said frame, an eccentric-strap mounted on r the crank of said shaft, a forked pitman secured to said eccentric-strap, a hammer-helve.

the crank of said shaft, a forked, spring.

cushioned pitman secured to said eccentricstrap, a hammer-helve or operating-leverpiv oted to the supporting-frame, adjustable connections between said forked pitman and helve, a hammer-head carried at the forward end of said helve, spring guide-plates on the frame between which said hammer-head slides, and an anvil secured to the said supporting-frame beneath said hammer.

3. In a power-hammer,the combination with .a supporting-frame having a central. opening therethrough, of a cranked driving-shaft :mounted in suitable hearings in said frame,

an eccentric-strap carried by the crank of said shaft, a forked pitman elastically secured to said eccentricstrap, said forked pitman having a split upper end in whichis adjustably mounted an open-sided housing in which housing are carried journ al-boXes, a hammerhelve or operating-lever pivoted at the rear.

of the main frame, an adjustable yoke carrying a journal to beheld between the boxes at the upper end of the pitman supported by said hammer-helve, a flexible strap carried at the forward or free end of saidhainmer-helve,

said strap being supported at its rear end by a cushioned hanger depending from the said operating-lever, a hammer-head supported by said strap, grooved spring guide'plates adj ustably mounted on the main frame between which said hammer-head slides and a suitable anvil below said hammer.

4. In a.power-hammer,the combination with the main frame having a'central opening, of a driving-shaft mounted in said main frame, a forked pitman carried by said driving-shaft, a hammer-helve or operating-leve r pivoted at the rear of said main frame, adjustable connections between said pitman and said operating lever, a flexible strap supported at the forward end of the hammer-helve, a cushi which said flexible strap passes, grooved guide-plates between which the hammer-head slides, said guide-plates being provided with rearwardly extending lugs, springs interposed between said lugs and the main frame to normally force the spring-plates out-,

wardly, and bolts securing said plates to the frame, so as to permit adjustment of said plates relative to the main frame.

5. In a power-hammer, the combination of the main frame A having a central opening, of the driving-shaft N mounted in said main frame, an eccentric-strap M carried by said shaft, a forked pitman J havinga transverse web L at its lower end, said web being adapted to be secured between elastic cushions m in order to give an elastic support for said pitman, said pitman having a split upper end, a sleeve K screw-threaded into the split end of said pitman, a housingj having a depending portion j screw-threaded into said sleeve, boxesj carried by-said housing, a hammerhelve or operating-lever F, a yoke j adj ustably mounted on the said hammer-helve, a journal f carried by said yoke on which the boxes j have their bearing, a strap E one end of which is supported at the extreme forward end of said hammer-helve F, a depending hanger G by which the rear end of said strap is supported, a rod 9 pivoted to the hammerhelve and passing through the hanger G, and a cushioning device carried at the free end of said rod to receive the impact of the hanger, a hammer-head D carried by said strap,grooved spring guide-plates d between said hammer, and an anvil B beneath said hammer.

6. In a power-hammer, the combination with a main supporting-frame having a central opening, of a driving-shaft mounted in said frame, an eccentric-strap carried thereby, a forked pitman elastically supported on said strap, a hammer-helve pivoted at the rear of the main supporting-frame, adjustable connections between the said forked pitman and said hammer-helve, a hammer-head operated by said ham mer-helve, a tfeadle pivoted to the main frame, a brake carried by said treadle, a Weighted lever pivoted on the main frame engaging said treadle and normally forcing said brake against the brakewheel mounted on the driving-shaft, and a belt-tightener ad j ustabl y secured to the main frame and connected with said foot-treadle so that when the treadle is depressed and the brake released said belt-tightener is thrown into operative relation to the belt and the driving-shaft is rotated.

7. In a power-hammer, the combination with the main frame, of the driving-shaft and hammer-operating mechanism, a pivot-pin or gudgeon adj ustably mounted on said main frame, an operating-lever carried by said gudgeon, a belt-tightener pulley supported by said gudgeon and adjustable therewith, means for securing an independent adjustment of said belt-tightening pulley relative to said gudgeon, an operating-treadle, and a connecting-rod between said operating lever and treadle.

8. In a power-hammer, the combination with the main frame, of the driving-shaft, the ham mer-operating mechanisn1,and belt-tightening devices consisting of the plate It pivoted to the main frame, a gudgeon carried by said plate, a lever p mounted on said gudgeon, a belt-tightenin g pulley s, a hanger S by which said pulley s is supported, adj ustably secured to said lever f, an operating-treadle P and a rod 19 connecting said treadle and lever p 9. In a power-hammer, the combination with the main frame, of a driving-shaft, hammer-actuating mechanism operated thereby, a belt-tightener for said driving-shaft consisting of the plate It pivoted to the main frame, said plate R having an upper slotted portion by means of which said plate may be adjusted to various positions, a gudgeon 19 carried by said plate R, a lever 19 mounted on said gudgeon, said lever having a slotted scroll or plate 13 a depending rod or hanger S mounted on said gudgeon, a screw-bolt p by which said hanger S is adj ustably secured to the slotted scroll or plate 19 a belt-tightening pulley 8 supported by said hanger S, a treadle P and a rod 19 connecting said treadle and lever p In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 6th day of March, 1896.

CHARLES A. VAUGHN.

Witnesses:

ALEX. M. TAYLOR, F. S. S. JOHNSON. 

